2018年管理类联考真题+答案 英语篇

 

 

来来来，

参加了2018年管理类联考

MBA(工商管理硕士)

MPA（公共管理硕士）

MEM(工程管理硕士)

MPacc(会计管理硕士)

图书情报管理硕士

考试的小伙伴们，来对英语答案啦！

 

SectionI Use of English

Directions:

Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) foreach numbered blank and mark, A.B.C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

 

Why do people read negative Internetcomments and do other things that will obviously be painful? Because humanshave an inherent need to ___1___ uncertainty, according to a recent study inPsychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is sostrong that people will ___2___ to satisfy their curiosity even when it isclear the answer will___3___.

Ina series of four experiments, behavioral scientists at the University ofChicago Booth School Of Business and the Wisconsin School of Business testedstudents' willingness to ___4___ themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effortto satisfy curiosity. For one ___5___, each participant was shown a pile ofpens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist? Halfof the pens would ___6___ an electric shock when clicked.

Twenty-sevenstudents were told which pens were rigged; another twenty-seven were told onlythat some were electrified. ___7___ left alone in the room, the students whodid not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred morejolts than the students who knew what would ___8___. Subsequent experimentsreplicated this effect with other stimuli, ___9___ the sound of fingernails ona chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects.

Thedrive to ___10___ is deeply ingrained in humans, much the same as the basicdrives for ___11___ or shelter, says Christopher Hsee of the University ofChicago, a co-author of the paper. Curiosity is often considered a goodinstinct—it can ___12___ new scientific advances, for instance—but sometimessuch ___13___ can backfire. The insight that curiosity can drive you to do___14___ things is a profound one.

Unhealthycuriosity is possible to ___15___, however. In a final experiment, participantswho were encouraged to ___16___ how they would feel after viewing an unpleasantpicture were less likely to ___17___ to see such an image. These resultssuggest that imagining the ___18___ of following through on one's curiosityahead of time can help determine ___19___ it is worth the endeavor. “Thinkingabout long-term ___20___ is key to mitigating the possible negative effects ofcuriosity,” He says. In other words, don't read online comments.

1.A resolve            B. protect          C. discuss               D.ignore

2.A refuse              B. wait               C. seek                   D.regret

3.A .rise                 B. last                C. mislead              D.hurt

4.A. alert                B. tie                 C. expose               D.treat

5.A. message         B. trial               C. review                D.concept

6.A. remove           B. weaken         C. deliver                D. interrupt

7.A. Unless             B. If                   C. Though              D.When

8.A. happen            B. continue       C. disappear          D.change

9.A rather than        B. suchas         C.regardless          D.owing to

10.A. disagree         B. forgive          C. forget                D.discover

11.A. pay                 B.marriage       C. food                   D. school

12.A. begin with       B. rest on         C. learn from          D.lead to

13.A. withdrawal       B. inquiry         C. persistence        D.diligence

14.A. self-destructive   B.self-reliant    C. self-evident    D. self-deceptive

15.A. resist               B. define            C. replace            D.trace

16.A. predict             B. overlook        C. design              D.conceal

17.A. remember        B. choose          C. promise            D.pretend

18.A. relief                B. plan               C. outcome           D.duty

19.A. whether           B. why                C.where                D.how

20.A. limitations        B. Investments   C.strategies          D. consequences

 

【答案】

1. Aresolve

2. Cseek

3. Dhurt

4. Cexpose

5. Btrial

6. Cdeliver

7. Dwhen

8. Ahappen

9. Bsuch as

10. Ddiscover

11. Cfood

12. Dlead to

13. Binquiry

14. Aself-destructive

15. Aresist

16. Apredict

17.Bchoose

18. Coutcome

19. Awhether

20. Dconsequence

SectionII      Reading Comprehension

Part A

Directions: Read the following four passages. Answerthe questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers onANSWER SHEET. (40 points)

Text 1

 

It is curious that Stephen Koziatekfeels almost as though he has to justify his efforts to give his students abetter future.

        Mr.Koziatek is part of something pioneering. He is a teacher at a New Hampshirehigh school where learning is not something of books and tests and rotememorization, but practical, reports staff writer Stacy Teicher Khadaroo inthis week’s cover story. When did it become accepted wisdom that studentsshould be able to name the 13th president of the United States but be utterlybamboozled by a busted bike chain?

        AsKoziatek knows, there is learning in just about everything. Nothing isnecessarily gained by forcing students to learn geometry at a graffiti deskstuck with generations of discarded chewing gum. They can also learn geometryby assembling a bicycle.

        Buthe’s also found a kind of insidious prejudice. Working with your hands is seenas almost a mark of inferiority. Schools in the family of vocational education“have that stereotype ... that it’s for kids who can’t make it academically,”he says.

        Onone hand, that viewpoint is a logical product of America’s evolution.Manufacturing is not the economic engine that it once was. The job securitythat the US economy once offered to high school graduates has largelyevaporated. More education is the new mantra. We want more for our kids, andrightfully so.

        Butthe headlong push into bachelor’s degrees for all – and the subtle devaluing ofanything less – misses an important point: That’s not the only thing theAmerican economy needs. Yes, a bachelor’s degree opens more doors. But evennow, 54 percent of the jobs in the country are middle-skill jobs, such asconstruction and high-skill manufacturing, according to the National SkillsCoalition, a nonprofit advocacy group. But only 44 percent of workers areadequately trained.

        Inother words, at a time when the working class has turned the country on itspolitical head, frustrated that the opportunity that once defined America isvanishing, one obvious solution is staring us in the face. There is a gap inworking-class jobs, but the workers who need those jobs most aren’t equipped todo them. Koziatek’s Manchester School of Technology High School is trying tofill that gap.

Koziatek’s school is a wake-up call.When education becomes one-size-fits-all, it risks overlooking a nation’sdiversity of gifts.

 

21. Abrokan bike chain is mentioned to show students’ lack of ___

   A. mechanicalmemorization

   B. academictraining

   C. practical ability

   D. pioneeringspirit

22. Thereexists the prejudice that vocational education is for kids who ___

   A.  arefinancially disadvantaged

   B.  are not academically successful

   C.  havea stereotyped mind

   D.  haveno career motivation

23. Wecan infer from Paragraph 5 that high school graduates ___

   A.  areentitled to more “educational privileges”

   B.  arereluctant to work in manufacturing

   C. used to have more job opportunities

   D.  usedto have big financial concerns

24. Theheadlong push into bachelor’s degrees for all ___

   A. helpscreate a lot of middle-skill jobs

   B.  maynarrow the gap in working-class jobs

   C.  isexpected to yield a better-trained workforce

   D.  indicatesthe overvaluing of higher education

25. Theauthor’s attitude toward Koziate’s school can be described as ___

   A. supportive

   B.  disappointed

   C.  tolerant

   D. cautious

 

Test2

 

While fossil fuels – coal, oil, gas –still generate roughly 85 percent of the world’s energy supply, it’s clearerthan ever that the future belongs to renewable sources such as wind and solar. Themove to renewable is picking up momentum around the world: They now account formore than half of new power sources going on line.

Some growth stems from a commitment bygovernments and farsighted businesses to fund cleaner energy sources. Butincreasingly the story is about the plummeting prices of renewable, especiallywind and solar. The cost of solar panels has dropped by 80 percent and the costof wind turbines by close to one-third in the past eight years.

Inmany parts of the world renewable energy is already a principal energy source.In Scotland, for example, wind turbines provide enough electricity to power 95percent of homes. While the rest of the world takes the lead, notably China andEurope, the United States is also seeing a remarkable shift. In March, for thefirst time, wind and solar power accounted for more than 10 percent of thepower generated in the US, reported the US Energy Information Administration.

PresidentTrump has underlined fossil fuels – especially coal – as the path to economicgrowth. In a recent speech in Iowa, a state he won easily in 2016, he dismissedwind power as an unreliable energy source. But that message did not play wellwith many in Iowa, where wind turbines dot the fields and provide 36 percent ofthe state’s electricity generation – and where tech giants such as Facebook,Microsoft, and Google are being attracted by the availability of clean energyto power their data centers.

Thequestion “what happens when the wind doesn’t blow or the sun doesn’t shine?”has provided a quick put-down for skeptics. But a boost in the storage capacityof batteries, and a dramatic drop in their cost, is making their ability tokeep power flowing around the clock more likely.

Theadvance is driven in part by vehicle manufacturers, who are placing big bets onbattery-powered electric vehicles. Although electric cars are still a rarity onroads in 2017, this massive investment could change the picture rapidly incoming years.

Whilethere’s a long way to go, the trend lines for renewable are spiking. The paceof change in energy sources appears to be speeding up – perhaps just in time tohave a meaningful effect in slowing climate change. What Washington does – ordoesn’t do – to promote alternative energy may mean less and less at a time ofa global shift in thought.

 

26. The word“plummeting” (line3.para2) is closest in meaning to ______.

   A. rising

   B. falling

   C. changing

   D. stabilizing

27. According toParagraph 3.the use of renewable energy in America_______.

   A. is progressing notably

   B. is asextensive as in Europe

   C. faces many challenges

   D. has proved tobe impractical

28. It can belearned that in Iowa_____.

   A .wind is a widely used energy source

   B. wind energyhas replaced fossil fuels

   C. tech giantsare investing in clean energy

   D. there is ashortage of clean energy supply

29. Which offollowing in true about clean energy according to paragraphs 5&6?

   A. Itsapplication has boosted battery storage

   B. It iscommonly used in can manufacturing.

   C. Its continuous supply is becoming a reality.

   D .Itssustainable exploitation will remain difficult.

30. It can beinferred from the last paragraph that renewable energy____.

   A. will bringthe US closer to other countries

   B. willaccelerate global environment change

   C. is not really encouraged by the US government

   D is notcompetitive enough with regard to its cost

 

Text3

 

The power and ambition of thesecompanies is astonishing – Amazon has just announced the purchase of theupmarket grocery chain Whole Foods for $13.5bn, but two years ago Facebook paideven more than that to acquire the WhatsApp messaging service, which doesn’thave any physical product at all. What WhatsApp offered Facebook was anintricate and finely detailed tracery of its users’ friendships and sociallives. Facebook promised the European commission then that it would not linkphone numbers to Facebook identities, but it broke the promise almost as soonas the deal went through. Even without knowing what was in the messages, theknowledge of who sent them and to who was enormously revealing and still couldbe. What political journalist, what party whip, would not want to know themakeup of the WhatsApp groups in which Theresa May’s enemies are currentlyplotting? It may be that the value to Amazon of Whole Foods is not so much the460 shops it owns, or the distribution network, but the records of whichcustomers have purchased what.

Competition law appears to be the onlyway to address these imbalances of power. But it is clumsy. For one thing, itis very slow compared to the pace of change within the digital economy. By thetime a problem has been addressed and remedied it may have vanished in themarketplace, to be replaced by new abuses of power. But there is a deeperconceptual problem, too. Competition law as presently interpreted deals withfinancial disadvantage to consumers and this is not obvious when the users ofthese services don’t pay for them. The users of their services are not theircustomers. That would be the people who buy advertising from them – andFacebook and Google operate a virtual duopoly in digital advertising to thedetriment of all other media and entertainment companies.

The product they’re selling is data, andwe, the users, convert our lives to data for the benefit of the digital giants.Just as some ants farm aphids for the honeydew that oozes from them when theyfeed, so Google farms us for the data that our digital lives exude. Ants keeppredatory insects away from where their aphids feed; Gmail keeps the spammersout of our inboxes. It doesn’t feel like a human or democratic relationship,even if both sides benefit.

This article was amended on 19 June 2017to remove a reference to Apple which was not apt.

 

31. According toParagraph 1, Facebook acquired WhatsApp for its_____.

   A. digitalproducts

   B.userinformation

   C.   physicalassets

   D.  qualityservice

32. Linkingphone numbers to Facebook identities may _____.

   A. worsenpolitical disputes

   B. mess upcustomer records

   C. pose a risk to Facebook users

   D.  misleadthe European commission

33. According tothe author, competition law __

   A. should servethe new market powers

   B. may worsenthe economic imbalance

   C. should notprovide just one legal solution

   D. cannot keep pace with the changing market

34. Competitionlaw as presciently interpreted can hardly protect Facebook users because______.

   A. They are not defined as customers

   B. they are notfinancially reliable

   C. the serviceis generally digital

   D. the serviceare paid for by advertisers

35. The antsanalogy is used to illustrate __

    A. a win-winbusiness model between digital giants

     B. a typicalcompetition pattern among digital giants

     C. the benefitsprovided for digital giants customers

     D. the relationship between digital giants and their users

 

Text 4

 

To combat the trapof putting a premium on being busy, Cal Newport, author of Deep Work: Rules forFocused Success in a Distracted Word, recommends building a habit of “deepwork”-the ability to focus without distraction.

There are a numberof approaches to mastering the art of deep work-be it lengthy retreatsdedicated to a specific task; developing a daily ritual ;or taking a“journalistic” approach to seizing moments of deep work when you can throughoutthe day. Whichever approach, the key is to determine your length of focus timeand stick to it.

Newport alsorecommends deep scheduling” to combat constant interruptions and get more donein less time. At any given point, I should have deep work scheduled for roughlythe next month. Once on the calendar, I protect this time like I would adoctor’s appointment or important meeting,” he writes.

Another approach togetting more done in less time is to rethink how you priorities you’re day-inparticular how we craft our to-do lists. Tim Harford, author of messy: thepower of Disorder to Transform Our lives, points to a study in the early 1980sthat divided undergraduates into two groups: some were advised to Set outmonthly goals and study activities; others were told to plan activities andgoals In much more detail, day by day.

 While the researchers assumed that thewell-structured daily plans would be most effective when is come to theexecution of tasks, they were wrong: the detailed daily plans demotivatedstudents. Harford argues that inevitable distractions often render the dailyto-do list ineffective, while leaving room for improvisation in such a list canreap the best results.

In order to make the most of our focus and energy, wealso need to embrace downtime, or as Newport suggests, “be lazy”.

“Idleness is not just a vacation, an indulgence or avice; it is as indispensable to the brain as vitamin D is to thebody...[idleness] is, paradoxically, necessary to getting any work done,” heargues.

Srini Pillay, anassistant professor of psychiatry at Harvard medical school, believes thiscounterintuitive link between downtime and productivity may be due to the wayour brains operate. When our brain switches between being focused and unfocusedon a task, they tend to be more efficient.

“what people don’trealize is that in order to complete these tasks they need to use both thefocus and unfocused circuits in their brain”, says Pillay.

 

36. The key to mastering the art of deep work is to_____.

   A. seize every minute to work

   B. list you immediate tasks

   C. make specific daily plans

   D. Keep to your focustime

37. The study in the early 1980s cited by Harford shows that____.

   A. students are hardly motivated by monthly goals

   B. detailed plans maynot be as fruitful as expected

   C. distractions may actually increase efficiency

    D. daily schedules are indispensable to studying

38. According to Newport, idleness is ________.

    A. a desirable mental state for busy people

    B. a major contributor to physical health

    C. an effective way to save time and energy

    D. an essentialfactor in accomplishing any work

39. Pillaybelieves that our brain’s shift between being focused and in focused____

   A. can bring aboutgreater efficiency

   B. can result in psychological well-being

   C. is driven by task urgency

   D. is aimed at better balance in work

40. This text is mainly about   _______.

   A. Approaches togetting more done in less time

   B. Ways to relieve the tension of busy life

   C. The key to eliminating distractions

   D. The cause of the lack of focus time

 

Part B

Directions：You are going to read alist of headings and a text. Choose the most suitable heading from the list A-Gfor each numbered paragraph (41-45). Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET .（10 points）

 

A. Be present

B. Just say it

C. Ask for anopinion

D. Name, places,things

E. Find the"me too" s

F. Pay a uniquecompliment

G. Skip the smalltalk

 

Five ways to makeconversation with anyone

 

Conversationsare links, which means when you have a conversation with a new person a linkgets formed and every conversation you have after that moment will strengthenthe link.

Youmeet new people every day: the grocery worker, the cab driver, and new peopleat work or the security guard at the door. Simply starting a conversation withthem will form a link.

Hereare five simple ways that you can make the fit move and start a conversationwith strangers.

41                         

Supposeyou are in the room with someone you don’t know & you look across the roomand you see a stranger and something within you says that I want to talk withthis person & you know something that mostly happens with all of us, youwanted to say something the First word. It just won’t come out. It feels likeit stuck somewhere and refused to come out. I know the feeling & here is myadvice “Just get it out”.

Justthink what the worst could happen. They won’t talk with you. Well they are nottalking with you now.

I trulybelieve that once you said first word everything else just gets flows. So keepit simple “Hi” ,”Hey” or Hello & do what the best person in you does gatherall of the enthusiasm, the energy, put on a big smile and say “Hi”.

42                      

It’sproblem all of us face; you have limited time with the person that you want totalk with and you want to make this talk memorable.

Honestly,if we got stuck in the rut of “h”, “hello” ,“how are you” and “what’s goingon?”, you will fail to give the initial jolt to the conversation that can makeit so memorable.

Sodon’t be afraid to ask more personal questions, Trust me, you’ll be surprisedto see how much people are willing to share if you just ask.

43                 

Whenyou meet the person for the first time make an efforts to find the things whichyou and that person is in common so that you can build the conversation fromthat point. When you start conversation from that point & then moveoutwards from there you will find all of the sudden that conversation becomelot easier.

44                   

Imagineyou are pouring your heart out to someone and they are just busy their phone,and if you ask for their attention you get the response “I can multitask”.

So whensomeone tries to communicate with you, just be in that communicationwholeheartedly. Make eye contact. Trust me, eye contact, you can feel theconversation.

45 _______________

You allcame into a conversation where you met the person, but after some time you mayhave met again and you forgotten their name. Isn’t that awkward!   

Soremember the little details of the people you met or you talked with. Perhapsplaces they have been to, the places they want to go, the things they like, thethings they hate-whatever you talk about.

Whenyou remember such things you can automatically become investor in their wellbeing.So they feel responsibility to you to keep that relationship going.

That’sit. Five amazing ways that you can make conversation with almost anyone. Everyperson is a really good book to read, or to have a conversation with.

 

参考答案及解析

41. B     Just say it.

42.G     Skip the small talk.

43.E      Find the “me too’s.

44. A     BePresent.

45. D     Name，Place，Thing.

 

46.Direction:

Inthis section there is a test in English. Translate it into Chinese. Write yourtranslation on ANSWER SHEET. (15points)

 

A fifthgrader gets a homework assignment to select his future career path from a listof occupations. He ticks “astronaut” but quickly adds “scientist” to the list andselect it as well. The boy is convinced that if he reads enough, he can exploreas many career paths as he likes. And so he reads—everything from encyclopediasto science fiction novels. He reads so passionately that his parents have toinstitute a “no reading policy” at the dinner table.

Thatboy was Bill Gates, and he hasn’t stopped reading yet—not even after becomingone of the most successful people on the planet. Nowadays，his reading material has changed from science fiction and reference book：recently，he revealed that he reads at least 50 nonfiction books ayear. Gates chooses nonfiction titles because they explain how the world works.“Each book opens up new avenues of knowledge,” Gates says.

 

参考答案：

一个五年级的学生得到一份家庭作业，作业要求是从一系列职业中选择自己未来的职业道路。他在“宇航员”那一项后面画了勾，但很快自己给名单增加了“科学家”这一项，然后也打了个勾。男孩相信，只要他读得书够多，他尽可以探索各种自己喜欢的职业道路。于是他真的读了很多书，从百科全书到科幻小说，各种书读了个遍。他对读书是如此有激情（痴迷），以至于他的父母不得不制定“吃饭时不许读书”的规矩。

那个男孩就是比尔·盖茨，时至今日，他依然没有停下读书的脚步，甚至在他已经成为这个地球上最成功的人士之一，他仍然在坚持。现如今，他读的书已不再是科幻小说和参考书：最近，他透露自己每年至少要阅读50本非小说类书籍。盖茨之所以选择非小说类作品，是因为这些书诠释了这个世界是如何运作的（的运作方式）。盖茨说：“每本书都为我推开了一扇新知的大门。”

 

Part A

47.Directions:

Suppose you have to cancel your travel plan and will not be able to visitProfessor Smith. Write an email to

1)apologize and explain your situation

2)suggest a future meeting

You should writeabout 100 words on ANSWER SHEET.

Do not sign yourown name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead.

You do not needto write the address. (10 points)

 

参考范文：

DearProfessor Smith,

I’m writing this letter inpurpose of expressing my sincere apology to you. I feel terribly sorry. But Ihope you can forgive me if you know the reason.

I have received a message frommy manager that there is something wrong with the project which I’m in chargeof. I have to organize an urgent meeting to figure out some strategies to solvethe problem.

Once again, I am very sorryfor any inconvenience caused. I will appreciate if you can accept my apologiesand understand my situation. I wonder if you are available this Friday. Pleaselet me know when you are at your convenience. Looking forward to your reply!

Yours sincerely,

Li Ming

 

Part B
48. Directions:

Writean essay based on the following chart. In your essay, you should

1)interpret the chart, and

2)give your comments.
You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15points)

答案对完了，也是几家欢喜几家愁，

学习还是要趁早，

2019年参加考试的小伙伴们，

提前准备吧，

宽裕的时间，

是学习质量的保证！

华章2019年管理类联考的数学导学课程将于1月21日开班，可预约免费听课！

预约电话0371-66961135、66963688