MBA全国联考英语模拟试题（5）

Section I  Vocabulary (10 points)
Directions:
There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.

1. I don’t think you should ______ your father’s instructions in that he is an experienced teacher anyway.
A. defy    B. decline   C. designate   D. deduce
2. Most mathematicians trust their ______ in solving problems and readily admit they would not be able to function without it.
 A. conception B. observation C. intuition D. cognition
3. Having a(n) ______ attitude towards people with different ideas is an indication that one has been well educated.
A. grim    B. impartial   C. tolerant  D. elastic
4. The manager was sorry that he had to ______ the scientist’s good ideas because there was no enough money to develop them.
  A. break down  B. get down   C. pull down   D. turn down
5. High grades are supposed to ______ academic ability, but John’s actual performance did not confirm this.
 A. clarify B. exemplify C. certify D. simplify
6. In order to keep the line moving, customers with lengthy ______ are required to do their banking inside.
A. trades   B. transactions  C. transfers   D. transformations
7. I should have gone back and changed my jeans had I known how ______ I should be among the formally dressed people.
  A. eminent  B. obvious  C. prudent  D. conventional
8. It is believed that we should plant and care more for trees ______ a great many benefits they give us.
  A. according to  B. in honor of  C. in proportion to  D. in return for
9. At the physics examination yesterday, one of the questions ______ me completely and I couldn’t answer it.
 A. baffled B. mingled C. provoked D. diverted
10. Old Americans are extremely reluctant to buy on ______ and likely to save as much money as possible.
  A. credit   B. debt    C. budget   D. arrears
11. It seems somewhat ______ to expect anyone to drive more than three hours just for a 10-minute meeting.
 A. unique B. impossible C. absurd D. meaningless
12. The manager told his employees that if they wanted further information, they could ______ these technical books.
  A. refer to  B. go for   C. relate to   D. look for
13. Those novels that do no good to young readers should have been banned before they have been widely ______.
  A. flourished   B. publicized   C. circulated  D. popularized
14. It is said that the family has promised to offer a ______ to anyone who can give information about the kidnapper.
A. bonus  B. reward   C. prize  D. award
15. ______ his great achievements in chemistry, he was considered as one of the most outstanding scientists of the century.
  A. On the basis of  B. On behalf of  C. In terms of  D. In the form of

16. After she had arrived at the museum, Elisabeth did not enter it at once, but ______ in the courtyard.
A. strode   B. lingered   C. hovered   D. revolved
17. The Library of Congress in Washington D.C. contains an impressive ______ of books on every conceivable subject.
A. swarm B. series C. pile D. array
18. Because a degree from a university is the means to a better job, education is one of the most ______ area in Japanese life.
  A. sophisticated  B. competitive  C. superficial   D. comparable
19. He could not ______ ignorance as his excuse, he should have known what was happening in his department.
A. plead B. resort C. pledge D. reproach
20. It was such a ______ when they met each other in Beijing, for each thought that the other was still in Hong Kong.
A. distortion   B. contradiction  C. drama   D. coincidence

Section II  Cloze (10 points)
Directions:
Read the following passage. For each numbered blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.

Although there are many skillful Braille readers, thousands of other blind people find it difficult to learn that system. They are thereby shut   21   from the world of books and newspapers, having to   22   on friends to read aloud to them. A young scientist named Raymond Kurzweil has now designed a computer which is a major   23   in providing aid to the   24  . His machine, Cyclops, has a camera that   25   any page, interprets the print into sounds, and then delivers them orally in a robot-like   26   through a speaker. By pressing the appropriate buttons   27   Cyclops’s keyboard, a blind person can “read” any   28   document in English language.
 This remarkable invention represents a tremendous   29   forward in the education of the handicapped. At present, Cyclops costs $ 50,000.   30  , Mr. Kurzweil and his associates are preparing a smaller   31   improved version that will sell for less than half   32   price. Within a few years, the price range Kurzweil   33   will be low enough for every school and library to   34   one. Michael Hingson, Director of the National Federation for the Blind, hopes that   35   will be able to buy home   36   of Cyclops for the price of a good television set.
 Mr. Hingson’s organization purchased five machines and is now testing them in Maryland, Colorado, Iowa, California, and New York. Blind people have been   37   in those tests, making lots of   38   suggestions to the engineers who helped to produce Cyclops.
 “This is the first time that blind people have ever done individual studies   39   a product was put on the market,” Hingson said. “Most manufacturers believed that having the blind help the blind was like telling   40   people to teach other disabled people. In that sense, the manufacturers have been the blind ones.”

21. A. up B. down C. in D. off
22. A. dwell B. rely C. press D. urge
23. A. execution B. distinction C. breakthrough D. process
24. A. paralyzed B. uneducated C. invisible D. sightless
25. A. scans B. enlarges C. sketches D. projects
26. A. behavior B. expression C. movement D. voice
27. A. on B. at C. in D. from
28. A. visual B. printed C. virtual D. spoken
29. A. stride B. trail C. haul D. footprint
30. A. Likewise B. Moreover C. However D. Though
31. A. but B. than C. or D. then
32. A. which B. that C. whose D. this
33. A. estimates B. considers C. counts D. determines
34. A. settle B. own C. invest D. retain
35. A. schools B. children C. families D. companies
36. A. models B. modes C. cases D. fashions
37. A. producing B. researching C. assuring D. assisting
38. A. true B. valuable C. authentic D. pleasant
39. A. after B. when C. before D. as
40. A. disabling   B. having disabled  C. disabled   D. being disabling

Section III  Reading comprehension (40 points)
Directions:
Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C and D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.

Passage 1
What do consumers really want? That’s a question market researchers would love to answer. But since people don’t always say what they think, marketeers would need direct access to consumers’ thoughts to get the truth.
Now, in a way, that is possible. At the “Mind of the Market” laboratory at Harvard Business School, researchers are looking inside shoppers’ skulls to develop more effective advertisements and marketing pitches. Using imaging techniques that measure blood flow to various parts of the brain, the Harvard team hopes to predict how consumers will react to particular products and to discover the most effective ways to present information. Stephen Kosslyn, a professor of psychology at Harvard, and business school professor Gerald Zaltman, oversee the lab. “The goal is not to manipulate people’s preferences,” says Kosslyn, “but to speak to their actual desires.” The group’s findings, though still preliminary, could radically change how firms develop and market new products.
The Harvard group use positron emission tomography (PET) (正电子发射X射线层析照相术) scans to monitor the brain activity. These PET scans, along with other non-invasive imaging techniques, enable researchers to see which parts of the brain are active during specific tasks (such as remembering a word). Correlations have been found between blood flow to specific areas and future behavior. Because of this, Harvard researchers believe the scans can also predict future purchasing patterns. According to an unpublished paper the group produced, “It is possible to use these techniques to predict not only whether people will remember and have specific emotional reactions to certain materials, but also whether they will be inclined to want those materials months later.”
The Harvard group is now moving into the next stage of experiments. They will explore how people remember advertisements as part of an effort to predict how they will react to a product after having seen an ad. The researchers believe that once key areas of the brain are identified, scans on about two dozen volunteers will be enough to draw conclusions about the reactions of specific segments of the population. Large corporations—including Coca Cola, Eastman Kodak, General Motors, and Hallmark—have already signed up to fund further investigations.
For their financial support, these firms gain access to the experiments but cannot control them. If Kosslyn and Zaltman and their team can really read the mind of the market, then consumers may find it even harder to get those advertising jingles out of their heads.

41. Which of the following is the best title for this text?
A. Reading the Mind of the Market. 
B. Knowing the Consumers’ Preferences.
C. Improving the Styles of Advertising. 
D. Finding Out the Way to Predict Market.
42. Harvard researchers use scientific technology in the experiments because they
A. often don’t believe that the surveys done by the marketeers can reveal the truth.
B. want to find a direct way to predict future purchasing patterns in different markets.
C. want to know how the ads influence people’s brain activity and emotional responses.
D. expect that their experiments can change the marketing strategies of products.
43. Which of the following is true according to the text?
A. People will probably lie when they are questioned by the market researchers.
B. Stephen Kosslyn and Gerald Zaltman neglected the experiments and the study.
C. Harvard researchers have found the relation between people’s brain and behavior
D. Many big organizations withdrew fund for Harvard group’s further investigations.
44. Purchasing patterns are believed to be foreseeable because
A. PET scans are used to manipulate people’s preference. 
B. PET scans are able to detect active parts of the brain. 
C. people’s emotional reactions can be recalled easily.
D. people’s behavior interacts with blood circulation.
45. The last sentence of this text implies that
A. if the experiments’ results work well, customers may shop things according to the ads.
B. if the Harvard group succeeds, they will attract more consumers into the market.
C. corporations like Coca Cola, can employ the experiments in their own marketing.
D. consumers may discover that those ads will annoy them by causing headaches.

Passage 2
Imagine asking a presidential candidate to sit down for a sensitivity session on gay and lesbian (同性恋者) issues. That’s exactly what we did last week in Austin, Texas. George W. Bush invited us, a dozen gay Republicans, after he’d refused to meet with a gay Republican group that had criticized him. Our meeting set an important precedent: never again will a major-party candidate be able to run for president without addressing gay and lesbian issues.
Bush didn’t like everything we had to say. I was struck by his lack of familiarity with the issues, as well as by his desire to learn. I described how my partner, Rob Morris, and I have been in a 17-year relationship. We both come from healthy, strong, religious families. Rob grew up in a conservative Republican family in Georgia; I come from a longtime Republican family in Wisconsin. I’m now the vice president of my Lutheran church. I wanted Governor Bush to understand that long-term, loving relationships, stable families, strong faith-based traditions and Republican voting histories are all part of the gay and lesbian community.
Our stories had an impact. Bush admitted that, growing up in Texas, he had not been as open to elements of America’s diverse culture. He had a narrow set of friends and a firm set of traditions. But he was surprised and dismayed to hear that people saw him as intolerant. “What have I said sent that signal?” he asked repeatedly. We confronted him about his reported statement that if you were openly gay or lesbian you would not be considered for a job in his administration. “I never said that,” he insisted, assuring us he would hire gays and lesbians who both were qualified and shared his political views.
Our perspective was clearly eye-opening to him. When one of us talked about his lesbian sister and her partner adopting children, the governor acknowledged his often-stated belief that gays should not adopt. “Now you’re telling me of a very loving, caring relationship,” he said. “I really appreciate hearing that.” We stressed that a Bush administration could not roll back any of the progress made in recent years. We talked about AIDS funding and research. Though Bush was attentive—and does show a willingness to hear all sides—I don’t think we changed his positions, he still opposes gay marriage and classifying crimes against gays as hate crimes. To be honest, Bush still has a long way to go. But I think he’s a lot farther along today than he was last week.

46. What is implied in the first paragraph?
A. A gay Republican group criticized Bush for his political views.
B. It is impossible to invite a president for discussing the gay issues.
C. No president candidate can ignore gay and lesbian issues now.
D. Gay and lesbian issues have been hot issues for the president.
47. The author uses himself as an example to show
A. what it is like in gay and lesbian community.
B. what it will be like to be a gay and lesbian.
C. what kind of a family the gays come from.
D. what it is like to maintain a gay relationship.
48. The author’s attitude toward Bush’s performance at the meeting is
A. scornful.  B. satisfactory.   C. supporting.   D. objective.
49. As to the gays and lesbians, Bush still opposes the following behaviors except.
A. adopting children.      B. getting married.
C. defining hate crimes.     D. employing them.
50. The text intends to express the idea that
A. the gays and lesbians long for the normal life as others.
B. Bush has partly changed his views about the gay issues.
C. there is a long way to go to deal with the gay issues properly.
D. the gays and lesbians have had a successful talk with Bush.

Passage 3
Open-outcry trading is supposed to be a quaint, outdated practice, rapidly being replaced by sleeker, cheaper electronic systems. Try telling that to the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX), the world’s largest commodities exchange. On November 1st the NYMEX opened an open-outcry pit (期货交易场) in Dublin to handle Brent crude futures, the benchmark (基准) contract for pricing two-thirds of the world’s oil.
The NYMEX is trying to snatch liquidity (易变现证券) from London’s International Petroleum Exchange (IPE), which trades the most Brent contracts; the New York exchange has hitherto concentrated on West Texas Intermediate, an American benchmark grade. The new pit is a response to the IPE’s efforts to modernize. On the same day as NYMEX traders started shouting Brent prices in Dublin, the IPE did away with its morning open-outcry session: now such trades must be electronic, or done in the pit after lunch.
The New York exchange claims that customers, such as hedge funds or energy companies, prefer open-outcry because it allows for more liquidity. Although most other exchanges are heading in the opposite direction, in commodity markets such as the NYMEX, pressure from “locals”—self-employed traders—is helping to prop up open-outcry, although some reckon that customers pay up to five times as much as with electronic systems. Even the IPE has no plans to abolish its floor. Only last month it signed a lease, lasting until 2011, for its trading floor in London.
Dublin’s new pit is “showing promise”, says Rob Laughlin, a trader with Man Financial, despite a few technical glitches. On its first day it handled 5,726 lots of Brent (each lot, or contract, is 1,000 barrels), over a third of the volume in the IPE’s new morning electronic session. By the year’s end, predicts Mr. Laughlin, it should be clear whether the venture will be visible. It would stand a better chance if it moved to London; it may yet: it started in Ireland because regulatory approval could be obtained faster there than in Britain.
Ultimately, having both exchanges offering similar contracts will be unsustainable. Stealing liquidity from an established market leader, as the NYMEX is trying to do, is a hard task. Eurex, Europe’s largest futures exchange, set up shop in Chicago this year, intending to grab American Treasury-bond contracts from the Chicago Board of Trade. It has made little headway. And the NYMEX has dabbled in Brent contracts before, without success.
Given the importance of liquidity in exchanges, why do the IPE and the NYMEX not band together? There have been merger talks before, and something might yet happen. Some say that the freewheeling NYMEX and the more staid IPE could never mix. For now, in any case, the two exchanges will slug it out—across the Irish Sea as well as across the Atlantic.

51. According to the text, the NYMEX and IPE are
A. both using open outcry trading as a major trading form.
B. partners that are reciprocal in their business activities.
C. rivals that are competing in the oil trading market.
D. both taking efforts to modernize their trading practice.
52. According to the author, one of the reasons that the NYMEX takes open-outcry trading is
A. the preference of its customers.   B. the practice of energy exchange.
C. the long tradition of its practice.   D. the nostalgic feeling it arouses.
53. The word “glitches” (Para. 4) most probably means
A. benefits.  B. improvements.  C. innovations.   D. problems.
54. From Paragraph 4 we can infer that
A. trading volume in the IPE’s new morning electronic session is falling.
B. London is a better business location for energy exchanges than Dublin.
C. Britain’s regulators are usually less efficient than those of Ireland.
D. the Dublin pit of the NYMEX will be more prosperous in the future.
55. We can draw a conclusion from the text that
A. it’s unlikely that the NYMEX and the IPE will unite their businesses.
B. the NYMEX will fail in Ireland just as many precedents have shown.
C. the two energy exchanges will figure out to cooperate with each other.
D. he market environment for both energy exchanges is getting better.

Passage 4
One of the many theories about alcoholism (酗酒) is the learning and reinforcement theory, which explains alcoholism by considering alcohol drinking as a reflex response to some stimulus and as a way to reduce an inner drive state such as fear or anxiety. Characterizing life situations in terms of approach and avoidance, this theory holds that persons tend to be drawn to pleasant situations or repelled by unpleasant ones. In the latter case, alcohol drinking is said to reduce the tension or feelings of unpleasantness and to replace them with the feeling of pleasure generally observed in most persons after they have consumed one or more drinks.
   Some experimental evidence tends to show that alcohol reduces fear in an approach-avoidance situation. Conger trained one group of rats to approach a food goal and trained another group to avoid electric shock. After an injection of alcohol the pull away from the shock was measurably weaker, while the pull toward food was unchanged.
    The obvious troubles experienced by alcoholic persons appear to contradict the learning theory in the explanation of alcoholism. The discomfort, pain, and punishment they experience should presumably discourage the alcoholics from drinking. The fact that alcoholic persons continue to drink in the face of family discord, loss of job, and illness is explained by the proximity of the drive of reduction to the consumption of alcohol; that is, alcohol has the immediate effect of reducing tension while the unpleasant consequences of drunken behavior came only later. The learning pattern, therefore, favors the establishment and repetition of the resort to alcohol.
    In fact, the anxieties and feelings of guilt caused by the consequences of excessive alcohol drinking may become the signal for another time of alcohol abuse. The way in which the desire for another drink could be caused by anxiety is explained by the process of stimulus generalization: conditions or events occurring at the time of reinforcement tend to acquire all the features of stimuli. When alcohol is consumed in association with a state of anxiety or fear, the emotional state itself takes on the properties of a stimulus, thus triggering another time of drinking.
    The role of punishment is becoming increasingly important in explaining a cause of alcoholism based on the principles of learning theory. While punishment may serve to suppress a response, experiments have shown that in some cases it can serve as a reward and reinforce the behavior. Thus if the alcoholic person has learned to drink under conditions of both reward and punishment, either type of condition may trigger renewed drinking.
56. The main purpose of the text is to
A. introduce some existing theories about alcoholism.
B. show the most effective new treatment of alcoholism.
C. explain the application of an approach to alcoholism.
D. help alcoholics and others know the cause of alcoholism.
57. The description of Conger’s experiment with two groups of rats was intended to
A. show that alcohol drinking does not affect appetite.
B. confirm the findings of other academic researchers.
C. show people that alcohol can minimize fear.
D. disprove the learning and reinforcement theory.
58. We can learn from paragraph 3 that
A. the learning theory sometimes contradicts itself in some fields.
B. drinking alcohol can solve the problem of family discord.
C. tension reduction usually appear first after drinking alcohol.
D. alcoholics can’t recall the unhappy consequence of alcoholism.
59. The author provides enough information to answer the question of
A. why alcoholics continue to drink despite the unhappy consequences.
B. how Conger explained the behavior of alcoholics by shock therapy.
C. under what circumstances an alcoholic benefits from anxiety attacks.
D. which treatment is the best one of alcoholism in the world now.
60. It can be inferred from the text that
A. the behavior of alcoholics contradicts the approach-avoidance theory.
B. punishment may become the stimulus for another time of drinking.
C. the behavior of most alcoholics often proves the learning theory.
D. frequent excessive drinking makes alcoholics indifferent to punishment.

Section IV  Translation (20 points)
Directions:
In this section there is a passage. Translate the five sentences underlined into Chinese and write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2.
61) European farm ministers have ended three weeks of negotiations with a deal which they claim represents genuine reform of the common agricultural policy, but there exists a doubt about whether it can start the Doha world trade negotiations.
On the face of it, the deal agreed in the early hours of Thursday June 26th looks promising. Most subsidies linked to specific farm products are, at last, to be broken—the idea is to replace these with a direct payment to farmers, unconnected to particular products. Support prices for several key products, including milk and butter, are to be cut—that should mean European prices eventually falling towards the world market level. Cutting the link between subsidy and production was the main objective of proposals put forward by Mr. Fischler, which had formed the starting point for the negotiations.
The CAP is hugely unpopular around the world. 62) It subsidizes European farmers to such an extent that they can undercut farmers from poor countries, who also face trade barriers that largely exclude them from the potentially lucrative European market. Farm trade is also a key feature of the Doha round of trade talks, launched under the auspices of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in November 2001. Developing countries have lined up alongside a number of industrial countries to demand an end to the massive subsidies Europe pays its farmers. 63) Several Doha deadlines have already been missed because of the EU’s intransigence (不妥协), and the survival of the talks will be at risk if no progress is made by September, when the world’s trade ministers meet in Cancùn, Mexico.
But now even the French seem to have gone along with the deal hammered out in Luxembourg. Up to a point, anyway. The package of measures gives the green light for the most eager reformers to move fast to implement the changes within their own countries. But there is an escape clause of sorts for the French and other reform-averse nations. They can delay implementation for up to two years. 64) There is also a suggestion that the reforms might not apply where there is a chance that they would lead to a reduction in land under cultivation.
These let-outs are potentially damaging for Europe’s negotiators in the Doha round. They could significantly reduce the cost savings that the reforms might otherwise generate and, in turn, keep European expenditure on farm support unacceptably high by world standards. 65) More generally, the escape clauses could undermine the reforms by encouraging the suspicion that the new package will not deliver the changes that its supporters claim, but close analysis of what is inevitably a very complicated package might confirm the skeptics’ fears.

Section V  Writing (20 points)
Directions:
In this part, you are asked to write a composition according to the information below. You should write more than 150 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)

 近两年，香港的大学纷纷制定优惠政策，开始在内地招收学生，一些内地学校的尖子生也开始选择上香港的大学，这引起了内地大学的恐慌。请你对此发表看法。

Section I  Vocabulary
1. A 2. D 3. C 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. B 8. D 9. A 10. A
11. C 12. A 13. C 14. B 15. C 16. B 17. D 18. B 19. A 20. D
21. D    22. B    23. C     24. D     25. A     26. D     27. A     28. B  
29. A    30. C    31. A     32. B     33. A     34. B     35. C     36. A    
37. D     38. B     39. C     40. C

Section III Reading comprehension

41. A     42. C     43. C     44. D     45. A   46. C   47. A     48. B   
49. D     50. C    51. C     52. A     53. D     54. B     55. A   56. D  
57. C     58. C     59. A     60. B
Section IV Translation
61. 欧洲的农业部长们结束了为期3周的协商，达成了一项协议，据他们宣称，该协议象征欧洲的共同农业政策将进行真正的变革，但是，存在这样的怀疑：这是否可以启动多哈世界贸易会谈。
62. 它给欧洲的农民补贴到了一定的程度，以至于这些农民侵害了贫穷国家农民的利益，而贫穷国家的农民面临的贸易壁垒很大程度上排斥他们进入可能有利可图的欧洲市场。
63. 由于欧洲的不妥协态度，多哈会谈的好几个最终期限都被错过了，如果到9月时还没有取得进展，会谈就有失败的危险——世界各国的贸易部长9月份将在墨西哥的坎昆召开会议。
64. 还有一种意见，那就是，在那些改革可能导致耕地减少的国家，可能不适合进行改革。
65. 说得更广泛一点，例外条款可能通过激起人们的这种怀疑破坏改革：新提议不会促成其支持者所宣称的变革，但是，对于一个必定是非常复杂的提议进行仔细分析可能会强化怀疑者的担心。

Section V Writing （略）
计分标准：
　　（1）20-17分内容切题，包括题中所列三方面的内容；清楚表达其内涵，文字连贯；句式有变化，句子结构和用词正确。文章长度符合要求。
    （2）16-13分内容切题，包括题中所列三方面的内容；比较清楚地表达其内涵，文字基本连贯；句式有一定变化，句子结构和用词无重大错误。文章长度符合要求。
    （3）12-9分内容切题，基本包括题中所列三方面的内容；基本清楚地表达其内涵；句子结构和用词有少量错误。文章长度符合要求。
　　（4）8-5分内容基本切题，基本包含题中所列三方面的内容；语句可以理解，但有较多的句子结构和用词错误。文章长度基本符合要求。
　　（5）4-1分基本按要求写作，但只有少数句子可理解。
    （6）0分文不切题，语句混乱，无法理解。
字数不够酌情扣分：
字数    140-149    130-139    120-129    110-119    100-109    ＜90
扣分    1    2    3    4    6    8