2012年工程硕士复习—英语核心词汇（F—P）

　　01. fire
　　n. 火，火灾，射击

　　vt./vi. ①解雇，开除：Get out! You are fired.

　　②放炮，射击

　　catch fire着火，开始燃烧

　　set fire to 点燃，使燃烧

　　on fire 烧着，起火

　　02. focus

　　n. 焦点，中心：Her beauty makes her the focus of attention.

　　vi./vt. (on)聚焦：All eyes were focused on him.

　　03. fragment

　　n. 碎片，断片，破片：

　　She dropped the bowl and it broke into tiny fragments.她把碗掉在地上，摔成了许多碎片。

　　04. frequent

　　a. 时常发生的，频繁的：

　　She is a frequent visitor to our house.她是我们家的常客。

　　frequently adv. 常见地，屡见不鲜地

　　05. furthermore

　　adv. 而且，此外：The house is too small, and furthermore, it's expensive.

　　06. global

　　a. ①全球的，全世界的：global travel环球旅行

　　②总体的，综合的：a global view 全面的看法

　　07. gradual

　　a. 逐渐的，逐步的：The change was gradual.

　　gradually adv. 逐步地，逐渐地

　　08. identical

　　a. ①(to，with)相等的，相同的：We have identical views on these problems.

　　②同一的：This is the identical place where we stopped before.

　　identically adv.同一地，相等地

　　09.immigrant

　　n. 移人者，入境移民：Canada has many immigrants from Europe.

　　a. (从国外)移来的，移民的

　　10. impact

　　n. 作用，影响：make a notable impact on literature and art对文学、艺术产生显著的影响

　　vt. (on)冲击；对……有影响：These costs will impact on our profitability.这些费用会影响到我们的利润。

　　11. indicate

　　vt. ①指出，标示：The smile on the old man's face indicates that he appreciated my help very much.

　　②表明，暗示：Dark clouds indicate that it may rain.

　　12. indulge

　　vt. 放任；纵容：

　　They may spoil their grandchildren by indulging them too much.他们对小孙子太迁就可能会宠坏他们。

　　vi. 享受；沉溺于：

　　I occasionally indulge in a big fat cigar.我偶尔抽支大号雪茄来享受一下。

　　13. infer

　　vt. 推论，推断：I infer from your letter that you do not wish to see us.

　　14. initial

　　a. 初期的，最初的：the initial investment 最初的投资

　　n. 词首大写字母，(常用复数)(姓名等的)首字母：Would you please write your initials here?

　　initially adv. 最初，首先

　　15. inspire

　　vt. ①鼓舞，激励：What he said inspired us to work harder.

　　②给…以灵感：The memory of his mother inspired his best poem.

　　16. insure
　　vt.①给…保险：His house is insured against fire.

　　②保证，确保：Carefulness insures you against errors.

　　17. intellectual

　　a.智力的，智慧的：intellectual education 智育

　　n.知识分子：The candidate was considered an intellectual by most voters.

　　18. intend

　　vt.①想要，打算：What do you intend to do next?

　　②打算使…(成为)：They intend the building to be a guest house.

　　[惯用法] intend 作"打算"解时，多用于正式场合；在口语中常用be going to或be thinking of等。

　　19. internal

　　a.①内的，内部的：the internal relations of things事物的内部联系

　　②国内的，内政的：an internal war 内战

　　③内服的：an internal remedy 内服药

　　20. invest

　　vt./vi.①(in)投资，投入(时间，精力等)：He invested heavily in a house.

　　②给…着衣，披盖：Fog invests the city.

　　③授予，赋予：be invested with full authority被授予全权

　　21. irrigate

　　vt.灌溉：They have built canals to irrigate the desert.他们建造了水渠以灌溉沙漠。

　　n.①发行物：Have you read the latest issue of the magazine?

　　②问题，争论点：What issue are Linda and her husband arguing about now?

　　22. liable

　　a.①(to)易于…的：He's liable to shout when he gets angry.他一生气就爱吼叫。

　　②易受……之害的：This part of town is liable to flooding.城镇的这个地区易遭水灾。

　　③对……有偿付责任的：He declared that he was not liable for his wife's debts.他宣称他没有义务偿还妻

　　子的债。

　　④可能受……惩罚的：People who walk on the grass are liable to a fine of $5.践踏草地的人会被罚款 5 美

　　元。

　　23. locate

　　vt.把…设置在：The hospital is to be located in your town.

　　locationn.地点，位置：The price of a house depends on its size and location.

　　24. main

　　a.主要的，最重要的：Can you catch the main idea of the text?

　　in the main基本上

　　25. manufacture

　　vt.制造，加工：It is manufactured by machinery.

　　n.(用复数)产品：silk manufactures丝织品

　　manufacturern.制造厂(商)，生产者

　　26. material

　　n.①材料，原料：Japan is lacking in raw materials.

　　a.①物质的，实体的：The material world seems boundless.

　　②身体的，肉体的：material needs身体上的需要

　　③重要的，实质性的：Is there any material difference between the two?

　　27. melt

　　vi./vt.①(使)融化，(使)熔化：The snow has melted.

　　②(使)消散，(使)逐渐消失：The fog soon melted in the morning sun.

　　28. mention

　　vt.提及，说起：Don't mention the subject this evening.

　　n.(of)提及，说起：There was no mention of our team's success in the newspaper.

　　not to mention更不用说……，此外：

　　They have three dogs to look after, not to mention the cat and the bird.他们有三只狗需要照料，此外还有猫和鸟。

　　29. mostly

　　adv.主要地，多半：She uses her car mostly for driving to work.她的汽车主要用于上下班。

　　30. nevertheless

　　adv./conj.不过，然而：The news may be unexpected（意想不到的）; nevertheless it is true.

　　31. obligation

　　n. 义务，责任：I have an obligation to tell you the truth.

　　32. offer

　　vt./vi. ①提供，给予：This shop offers various daily necessaries.

　　②呈现，出现：Each stage of the work offers its own characteristic problems.

　　n. ①提议，提供(物)：His offer was very acceptable.

　　②报价，开价： an offer of $5出价 5 美元

　　33. opportunity

　　n. (for，of)时机，机会：I take this opportunity of thanking you.

　　34. opposite

　　a. (to)相反的，对立的：opposite direction 反方向

　　n. 相反的事物，对立面：I thought quite the opposite.

　　35. ordinary

　　a. 普通的，平常的：

　　I've got an ordinary sort of car, nothing special.我又一辆普通的汽车，毫无特别之处。

　　out of the ordinary不寻常的，非凡的

　　36. organic

　　a. 有机物的，有机(体)的：organic chemistry 有机化学

　　37. pace

　　n. ①(一)步：He stands five paces behind me.

　　②步伐，步速，速度：at the pace of three miles an hour以每小时三英里的步速

　　vi./vt. 踱步，慢慢地走：He paced up and down the corridor.

　　keep pace with齐步前进

　　38. participate

　　vi. ①(in)参与，参加：Everyone can participate in the match.

　　②(with)分享，分担：We participate with others in joys or sorrows.

　　39. particularly

　　adv. 特别，尤其：It is particularly hot today.

　　40. passenger

　　n. 乘客，旅客：This bus can carry 60 passengers.这辆公共汽车能载 60 名乘客。

　　41. personality

　　n. ①人格，个性：a man of strong personality 一个个性强的人

　　②人物，名人：a movie personality电影界名人

　　42. personnel

　　n. ①(用复数)全体人员,全体职员：

　　The company's main problem is the shortage of skilled personnel.这家公司的主要问题是缺少有技术的人

　　员。

　　②人事部门：She works in personnel.她在人事部门工作。